TCP / IP Protocols

TCP is one of the two transport layer protocols that run at the top layer of IP. TCP is a reliable and virtual circuit protocol. It enables two hosts to communicate reliably with each other on the same network or on different networks.

IP (Internet Protocol)

This protocol is the best way for reach destination. It selects and determines the location of the computers in the network by reading the IP headers of the incoming packets.

UDP (User Datagram Protocol)

UDP is one of the two transport layer protocols of the TCP/IP protocol group. UDP does not have mechanisms to send and receive ACK. Therefore, it cannot guarantee success in data transmission. So it does not provide a reliable transfer service. If applications require secure and sequential packet delivery, TCP protocol should be preferred over UDP.

SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)

It is the protocol that determines the way of communication between the server and the client for sending mail. The client computer connects to the SMTP server and sends the necessary credentials, if the server approves, it forwards the necessary mail to the server and terminates the connection.

FTP (File Transfer Protocol)

It is a TCP-based file transfer protocol. It uses port 21 when connecting.

TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol)

It is used for file transfer in routers and switches, requires less memory and processor power. Since it is UDP-based, there is fast communication, but there is no ACK.

ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol)

It is a protocol that helps control and management of the Internet protocol. Thanks to this protocol, the problem on the network can be easily detected. Sends different error messages according to different situations.

ARP (Address Resolution Protocol)

ARP protocol is one of the most important protocols of the network layer in the OSI model, which helps to find the MAC address of the system given the IP address. According to the definition of RFC 826, it is a protocol used to reveal layer 2 information associated with internet layer addresses.

RARP (Reverse Address Resolution Protocol)

It is the protocol used by terminals that do not have a hard disk to obtain an ip address automatically. The RARP client broadcasts using the ARP packet requests an IP address. The RARP server sends an appropriate ip address to the client.

BOOTP (Bootsrap Protocol)

It is UDP based and runs in a client environment. Computers requesting an IP address notify these requests with a broadcast. Clients look at their MAC addresses, and when they see their own MAC address, they get this information.

SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)

The SNMP protocol was developed to control units on networks.